Vaporizer for internal-combustion engines



Patented Apr. 7, y 1925.

Np. UNITED STATES WILLIAM L. LAUDAN, F STERLING, COLORADO. v I

VAPoBIzEn. Fon INTERIIALCOMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application led January 12, 1924. Serial No. 685,802.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. LAUDAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at terling, county of Logan, and State of `5 Colorado, have invented certain new'an'd' usefulImprovements-in Vaporizers for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and 4exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has special reference to a vaporlzer. 4 v

It is well known that in order to obtain the greatest efficiency in the operation of internal combustion engines, it is necessary that the fuel shall4 be completely vaporized so that it will enter the engine in such form that it will be completely consumed. It is equally well known that the present carburetors permit comparatively large globules ofgasoline to enter the combustion chambers of the engine, where they carbonize and form an objectionable deposit instead of developing power.

To obtain greater fuel economy, it has been roposed that some means shall be provi ed in the intake manifold for separating the unvaporized fuel from the Vaporized fuel andto conduct the former to a heated chamber whereit is vaporized and from which it is returned to the intake manifold in a gaseous condition.

My invention relates to improvements in the type of devices referred to, one example of which is shown and described in Patent No. 1,474,605 and is designed to overcome certain defects and to perform the Vadditional function of separatingr dust and dirt from the fuel that enters the engine Automobiles and tractors are oftnwvrequired to operate in places where the airis filled with dust and. dirt. This enters through theA carburetor and passes. into the engine wherel part of it adheres to the walls and formsa grinding compound that causes the cylinder walls and piston rings to 'wear excessively fast. My device, in addition to its function of separating the unvaporized fuel particles and of vaporizing the same,

yseveral views.

also separates the dust particles and prevents them from entering the cylinder.

My invention, brieiiy described, consists of a separator element introduced in the f fuel.. passage between the carburetor'and 60 the intake manifold. This separator is so constructed` that the fuel must make a sharp turn in order to enter the intake manifold. (Jraseous fuel wlll make this turn, but un-` v vaporized fuel and dust particles will have 65 such momentum that they will not be able to make the sudden turn required and will continue in their original direction until they reach the bottom of the separator from which they will pass into a settling and vaporizing chamber that is heated by exhaust gases. Here the fuel oil that was precipitated and collected in the separator will be vaporized by heat and willpass through a pipe into the intake manifold while the dirt and dust will remai 1. l My invention can. be most clearly described and will be most readily understood when 'reference is had to the accompanying drawing In which my invention is illustrated, and

in which: v Fig. *1' is a view partly in elevation and partly in section, showing my improved separator and vaporizer attached to the intake and exhaust manifolds; and

Fig. 2`is a detail showing a slight'modification.

The same reference characterswill be used to designate the same parts throughout the Within the cylindrical member 4 is a tubular 1'00 member 7 having its upper end closed as indicated by numeral 8 and its lower open'.

end .fin communication with the opening in 1s the intake manifold.` Tubular member providedwith several rows of perforations indicated by numeral 9 and which form the only passage between the carburetor and the intake manifold, except the one through the vaporizing chamber. The bottom of the cyflindrical member 4 terminates in a tubular no portion 10 which is connected b a pipe 11 to the -vaporizing chamber 12. T e top of the vaporizing chamber 11 is connected bg a pipe 13 with the intake manifold 1. .urrounding the va orizing chamber 11 1s a casing 14 which orms a chamber 15 about the va orizing chamber. A pipe 16 conlnects c amber 15 wlth the exhaust manifold.

Heated gases pass through pipe 16 into chamber 15 and' out through the opening 17.

The tubular member 7 1s preferably provided with a series of outwardly extending downwardly inclined iianges 18. The upper ortion of these flanges 1s located a short istance above the corresponding row of holes 9 so that the gases will have to make an abrupt turn before they can enter the holes 9. In Fig. 2 I have shown how the tubular member 7 can be formed with thick walls through which the holes 9 extend in a diagonal direction with their inner ends above the outer ends. This makes it possible to dispense with the flanges 18.

Let us now consider a case in which the engine is operating and in which fuel is drawn from thefcarburetor 3. The mixture of vapor, globules of unvaporized oil and dust particles will pass along in the direction of the arrows 19 and will enter the separater. The vapors will make the sudden turns required and pass into the tubular member 7 through holes 9, but the oil globules and dust articles, owing to their superior mass and) momentum, will not be able to make the sudden reversal in directions required and continue their downward course until they finally enter the tubular bottom portion 10 and pass through the pipe 11 into -the vaporizin chamber 12 where the .oil will be vaporized y the heat and will pass on as vapor into the manifold 1. The dust particles will remain in the chamber 12 until removed therefrom.

It is evident from the above that any unvaporized oil or gasoline entering the separator will be removed from the gaseous portion and conducted to the vaporizing chamber 12 and that sand or dirt particles will be removed in the same manner, thus assuring that the explosive mixture that enters the engine shall be thoroughly vaporized and clean.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new is: Y

1. A device for separating unvaporized oil and dust particles from a fuel mixture, comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member located Within the c lindrical member and spaced -from the sides thereof, said tubular member having one end closed and the other end open and connected to the wall of the cylindrical member, which .is adapted to register with an opening in an intake manifold, said tubular!-` member having a plurality of rows of holes,

means comprising conical iianges for causing gases to make a sharp turn when passing from the space in the cylindrical member to the inside of the tubular member, and a cap, having a cylindrical conduit, connected to the open end of the cylindrical member and adapted to be connected with a carbureter.

2. A device for separating unvaporized oil and dust particles from a fu'el mixture, comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member located within the cylindrical member and spaced from the sides thereof, said tubular member having one end open and the other closed, said open end being adapted to register with an opening in an intake manifold lof an internal combustion engine, said tubular member having a plurality of rows of holes, means for causing gases to make a sharp turn when passing from the space in the cylindrical member to the inside of the tubular lnember, said cylindrical member being provided at its bottom with an opening adapted to serve as an exit for the particles separated from the gas and a cap, having a cylindrical con.- duit, secured to the open end of the cylindrical member nearest the carburetor and adapted to connect it with the carbureter.

3. A device for separating unvaporized oil and dust particles from a fuel mixture, comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member located within the cylindrical member and spaced from the sides thereof, said tubular member having one end open and the other closed, said open end being adapted to register with an opening in`an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine, said tubular memberA having a plurality of rows of holes, means for causing gases to make a sharp turn when passing from the space in the cylindrical member to the inside of the tubular member, said means comprising a plurality of conical flanges projecting downwardly below the holes, and a cap secured to the open end of the cylindrical memberffnearest the carbureter, said cap having 'a conduit connecting it to a carbureter.

4. A device for separating unvaporized Soil and dust particles from the fuel mixture,

comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member located within the cylindrical member and spaced from the sides thereof, said tubular member having one end open and adapted to register with an opening in an intake manifold, said tubular member having a plurality of rows of holes, means comprisin@r outwardly and downwardly extending anges for causing gases to make a sharp turn when passing `from the space in the cylindrical member to the inside of the tubular member and a cap secured to the open end of the cylindrical member nearest the carbureter, and

a conduit connecting said cap to a carbureter.

5. A device for separating nnvaporized oil and dust particles from a fuel mixture, comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member Within said cylindrical member, said tubular member having lone end closed and the other end open, the open end of the tubular member being secured to the cylindrical member at a point opposite from the open end of the` latter, means comprising a flange for securing thelopen end of ,the tubular member to the end f-an intake ',manifold, said tubular member having a plurality o rows of openings which connect the interior of the cylindrical member with the interior of the tubular member, and a flange corresponding to each row of holes, said ianges being inclined and project over the holes in such a manner that air a's it flows from the cylindrical chamber to the interior of the tubular member, must make a turn of more than 90 degrees whereby a separating action will take place between the gaseous and nongaseous particles and a cap secured to one of the open ends of the cylindrical member,

said cap having a conduit adapted to extend to and be connected with a carbureter.

6.. A device for separating unvaporized oil and dust particles from a fuel mixture, comprising a cylindrical member open at both ends, a tubular member Within said cylindrical member, said tubular member having one end closed and the other end open, the open end of the tubular member being secured to the cylindrical member at a point opposite from the open end of the latter, means comprising a flange for securing the open end o the tubular member to the end of an intake manifold, said tubular member having a plurality of rows of openings which connect the interior of the cylindrical member with the interior of the tubular member, a flange corresponding to each row of holes, each of said flanges being inclined so as to project over the corresponding row of holes, a cap secured to the one of the open ends of the cylindrical members, said cap having a cylindrical conduit adapted to extend to and be connected with the carburetor.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM L. LAUDAN. 

